Used
to be the preferred etchent for tin tin-lead plated boards but has been
replaced by Ammoniacal and Sulfuric Peroxide etchents. Chromic-Sulphuric
etchent has only a slow etch rate and low copper holding capacity. The
solution is also a serious pollution concern and very expensive to
dispose off. Normal copper etching reaction is:-
3Cu
+ 2HCrO4- + 14H+ >> 3Cu2+
2Cr3+ + 8H2O
The
hydrogen ions are normally provided by Sulphuric acid, beware
Hydrochloric acid must not be used as toxic chlorine gas would be
liberated.
Std
makeup with the addition of sodium sulfate which increases the etch rate
is, 240g/l Chromic Acid, 40g/l Sodium Sulfate, 180g/l 96%
Sulphuric Acid. Oddly enough air agitation reduces etch rate.